Jan 20 2009
January 20
Peru: Heritage
Leaving Puno and Lake Titicaca the Peru Heritage course headed to Cusco, the capital of the Incan Empire. On the ride to Cusco we again crossed the Continental Divide (15,000 feet) and visited sites at Raqchi and Andahuaylillas. Raqchi was a “vacation” palace for the 7th Inca King, Wira Cocha. The site includes over 150 colcas, or storehouses, were a variety of goods were kept for drought, faminine, or earthquake. This is also the first site where students see the Spanish destroying Incan temples and building Catholic churches. Many times those churches are built directly on top of the temples.In Andahuaylillas we visited a church dedicated to Saint Peter and Saint Paul. The interioir of the church is so ornate with paintings and gold leaf that it is often called the “Sistene Chapel of the Andes”.
We began our first day in Cusco with spanish classes at Maximo Nivel, a local language center, and environmental class with Don Daniel. The environmental class focused on the 7 criteria for good ecotourism and the students discussed how many of our activities fit the definition. In the afternoon Raul guided the students through a walking tour of the city including Qoricancha/Santo Domingo and the Cusco Cathedral. Qoricancha was the Sun Temple for the Incas and the spanish destroyed it and built the church of Santo Domingo on its foundation. Through several earthquakes the church has been destroyed a number of times but the Incan foundation has not faltered showing how advanced their engineering was. The Cusco Cathedral in reality is three churches, with countless interior chapels, together. One particular painting that Raul shows the students is Jesus at the last supper eating “cuy”. Cuy is guinea pig and is considered a local delicacy. The reason to incorporate cuy into the painting was to connect the Catholic religion to the Andean people. Oh, by the way, I think many of the students have tried cuy and some really enjoy it.
The second day in Cusco was another day of spanish at Maximo followed by environmental class. In environmental class today students analyzed the three major ecosystems in Peru - the coast, the sierra and the rainforest - and discussed environmental issues important in Peru. Afternoon touring included three Incan sites - Saqsaywaman, Tambomachay and Q´enco. Saqsaywaman was the military training complex for the Incan Empire built by the great king Patachutec. The complex is so large and built with stones in excess of 100 tons that the Spanish thought it was built by the Cyclops. Raul explained that it was built by “mita” - a labor tax on the people of the Incan Empire. Tambomachay is a site where the Incan people worshiped water and cleansed themselves before entering the holy city. Q´enco is a site where mummification took place. Mummification is a process that was prevelant in many South American cultures.
Tomorrow we head into the Sacred Valley before continuing to Machu Picchu. The entire classes hopes that Laura is doing fine and we miss you.
Australia: Aboriginal Studies
The educational program that started our day was the Kodja Center. Kodja Center is an interactive museum that shows the Kodjunup Aboriginal people’s and the white farmers’ sides to Australia’s history. The museum is a joint venture between Kodjunup people’s and white Australians. It is the winner of the 2003 Western Australian Museum Award.
This building is uniquely shaped like a stone axe which symbolizes Kodjunup, “the place of the stone axe.” The axe is important because of what it represents. The axes head represents the history, the handle represents the people coming to learn the history, and the flexibility of the handle represents the people’s ability to adapt to history.
The museum doesn’t have straight lines in its architecture because it is mimicking the natural world, which only has curves. The Aboriginal person’s world view is also seen in circles.
The mural at the entrance of the museum represents the rainbow serpent and the six seasons of the Aboriginal calendar. The eggs represent life. The seasons are in different colors to represent the different climates.
Walking down the hallway, we shall the gradual evolution of tools for both the Kodjunup people and white Australians. We saw that over time the influence of white settlers and Aboriginal tools.
When we entered the main part of the museum, we were given a tour by Robert Sexton, the former president of the Shire. The museum had an interactive aspect which allowed us to experience the time period. One example is the Aboriginal reserve house. We were able to walk through it and saw that it only had a kitchen and two beds.
One of our guides was an Aboriginal elder named Jack Cox who made us billy tea and damper. Billy tea is made in a can and damper is a bread made by traditional grain. After the tea, he gave us his own version of the tour.
We explored the rose maze after lunch, where we learned about three different women’s struggles coming from English, Nyoongar, and Italian backgrounds. The museum shows the joint venture of both the Kodjunup people and white Australians.